International migration law (IML) is famously fragmented, which provides fertile ground for comparative inquiry. However, this task is inhibited the heterodox nature of IML

as it draws on a composite body of law that is expressed in different concepts, interpretations and languages. [...]

In 1986, European Directive 86/609/EEC, regulating the use of animals in research, was one of the first examples of common legislation to set standards for animal protection

across the Member States of the former European Economic Community, now the European Union, with the aim of securing a level European playing field. [...]

In this chapter, we will describe and analyse the historical background and the evolution of the relationship between Denmark and Greenland leading to and explaining the claim

for more independence. We will examine the legal sources publicly available from the Constitutional Commission and focus on who is participating in the work, the [...]

Considering that after about 30 years of the Internet’s existence and continuing appraisals thereof and other technological advances such as new business models, artificial

intelligence, etc., the chapter takes as its point of departure that it has little by little having become time to embrace the darker realities of digitalisation. [...]

Whilst sharing economy has been enjoying increasing popularity worldwide over the last decade; its legal definition has been debatable. This is aligning with the fact that

the European Union has not provided the legal framework for the sharing economy yet, apart from a European Commission Communication from 2016. [...]

Polar law describes the normative frameworks that govern the relationships between humans, States, Peoples, institutions, land and resources in the Arctic and the Antarctic.

These two regions are superficially similar in terms of natural environmental conditions but the overarching frameworks that apply are fundamentally different. [...]

Since the post-World War II tribunals, only few scholars have attempted to draw a definitional distinction between international and national criminal courts. Remarkable exceptions

include Robert Woetzel, who in 1962 categorized criminal courts according to ‘the involvement of the international community’, and Sarah Williams, who 50 years [...]

Internet intermediaries’ content moderation raises two major problems. The first relates to the accuracy of the moderation practices, which is an issue on whether the intermediaries

over-enforce or under-enforce. The second problem concerns the inherent privatization of justice that results when enforcement of rights is left to a private party. [...]

Certain customary norms complicate the work of international criminal courts and tribunals (icts). The principle of legality prescribes that no one can be convicted for ‘new’

or ill-defined crimes, and the rules on personal immunity bar icts from pros- ecuting high-level defendants. [...]