FID Recht - OPENACCESS

Actul juridic, reglementarea juridică a relaţiilor internaţionale şi subiecţii relaţiilor internaţionale

2026-10-15T02:18:58+00:00

The legal act is a manifestation of Will expressed in order to produce legal effects. In public international law the basic legal act is the international treaty. The treaty represents the legal act that expresses, in writing, the agreement of will intervened between subjects of international law in order to create, modify or extinguish rights and obligations in the relations between them and is governed by international law art.21 of the 1969 Vienna Convention on the law of treaties. States are (...)

Domeniul de aplicare a dreptului conflictelor armate în contextul interzicerii recurgerii la forță în relațiile internaționale

2026-10-15T02:18:56+00:00

This scientific investigation explores the scope of the law of armed conflicts in the context of the prohibition of the use of force in international relations and examines the interaction between international legal norms governing armed conflicts and the principle of the prohibition of force. The primary aim of the article is to analyze and clarify how international legal norms related to armed conflicts apply and interact with the principle of the prohibition of force in international relations. (...)

Interaction of decisions of the european court of human rights with national judicial systems

2026-10-15T02:18:56+00:00

The issue of interaction between the European Court of Human Rights hereinafter referred to as the ECHR and national judicial institutions is revealed through the prism of horizontal coordination of civil proceedings and civil procedure. This issue is of particular importance, since the Republic of Moldova is a party to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms of 1950 hereinafter referred to as the ECHR, as well as the ipso facto recognition of the jurisdiction of (...)

Reglementarea internaţională a dreptului conflictelor armate

2026-10-15T02:18:55+00:00

The topic bdquo;International Regulation of Armed Conflictsrdquo; is meant to dispel myths such as that wars are fought in total chaos, and that persons or objectives upon which armed conflicts and military operations impact are left to chance, regardless of whether they are combatants, civilians, refugees, or architectural monuments or civil constructions. This study aims to enumerate and analyze the legal framework relating to international and non-international conflicts, protection mechanisms, (...)

Due Diligence in International Environmental Law and International Human Rights Law:A Comparative Legal Study of the Nationally Determined Contributions under the Paris Agreement and (...)

2026-10-15T01:20:14+00:00

Due diligence is a frequently employed notion in international law, yet much is still to be explored about this concept. This article aims to contribute to an understanding of due diligence obligations in international law, which is useful as it can form the basis for a further clarification of corresponding legal rights of subjects of international law. With this purpose in mind, this article initiates the construction of a working model of due diligence in international law by exploring this notion (...)

Research Handbook on International Environmental Law

2026-10-15T01:20:14+00:00

This wide-ranging and comprehensive Handbook examines recent developments in international environmental law (IEL) and the crossover effects of this expansion on other areas of international law, such as trade law and the law of the sea. The expert contributors offer analyses of foundational issues in IEL, such as responsibility for environmental damage, sustainable development and the precautionary principle, alongside studies in topical subject areas including marine protection and the law of international (...)

Mapping out due diligence in regional human rights law:Comparing case law of the European Court of Human Rights and the Inter-American Court of Human Rights

2026-10-15T01:20:13+00:00

In international human rights law, the notion of due diligence concerns a qualifier of behaviour to realize human rights protection, including the protection against non-state actor interferences. However, the question remains what due diligence obligations of states in the context of non-state actor interferences exactly entail in international human rights law. The present article aims to address this matter by comparing case law of the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) with that of the Inter-American (...)

Ochrana mezinárodních vodních toků a jezer v mezinárodním právu ; Protection of International Watercourses through International Law

2026-10-15T00:13:24+00:00

Ochrana mezinárodních vodních toků a jezer v mezinárodním právu Mgr. Dominik Andreska, LL.M. Předložená disertační práce se zabývá problematikou ochrany mezinárodních vodních toků a jezer z pohledu mezinárodního práva. Práce nejprve přibližuje způsoby jejich využívání a s nimi související problémy jejich ochrany. Dále zkoumá vývoj mezinárodního vodního práva a jeho norem ve vztahu k ochraně a udržitelnému využívání mezinárodních vodních toků a jezer, a to analýzou doktríny a následně, s ohledem na (...)

Judicial Checklist of Country of Origin Information and Due Process in the Light of EU (Fundamental) Law

2026-10-14T14:38:45+00:00

The author identifies an important trend in deliberation of international standards of good practice in protection of refugees based on ad hoc networking and cooperation between judges and other experts under the auspices of the IARLJ. Since the legal questions in status determination procedures under EU law very often fall under the competence of the Court of Justice of the EU (CJEU), the author suggests that stakeholders in those projects must respect the constitutional structure of the EU by considering (...)

Controversies on the protection of prenatal life through the perspective of european law

2026-10-15T02:18:53+00:00

The purpose of this article is to present the well-reasoned legal situation of abortion under European law in order to examine, from the point of view of the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights Court, whether the conception product is the right-holder of the right to life enshrined in Art. 2 of the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms1 the Convention and, on this occasion, to grasp the position of the European instance on the legality of (...)

The Autonomous Weapons Systems and International Humanitarian Law

2026-10-15T02:18:52+00:00

Artificial Intelligence AI is regarded as a highly useful tool useful in the modern battlefield. AI is used as a communication channel among different military components during military operations. It can also be used to control weapons autonomously without the need for human intervention. Such weapons have been called Lethal Autonomous Weapons Systems LAWS. They have caused some dilemmas under the International Humanitarian Law IHL among international lawyers. Scientistsrsquo; opinions differ radically (...)

The right to privacy at the workplace

2026-10-15T02:18:51+00:00

Employees in any workplace, whether physical or virtual, have certain fundamental rights to privacy. These rights form the cornerstone of a healthy, respectful work environment and are often legally protected. In this article, wersquo;ll explore what these rights entail and what are the obligations of the parties in this context. In order to achieve the proposed objective, we will analyze the international legal provisions as well as those of the Republic of Moldova regarding the protection of private (...)

Interpretation of Customary Rules by Reference to Treaties and General Principles of Law

2026-10-15T01:20:18+00:00

In its case law the International Court of Justice has repeatedly suggested the idea that rules of customary international law (CIL) do not operate in a vacuum but, instead, are to be understood against the background of other rules of the international legal system. This observation, although somewhat unsurprising, shows that the sources of international law exist in close interconnection – something that is also visible if one looks at the rules of interpretation contained in Article 31 of the (...)

Toward Human Rights-Consistent Responses to Health Emergencies:What Is the Overlap between Core Right to Health Obligations and Core International Health Regulation Capacities?

2026-10-15T01:20:17+00:00

COVID-19 has highlighted the responsibilities of states under the International Health Regulations (IHR), as well as state accountability in case of a breach. These approaches and dimensions are valuable, as many COVID responses have breached human rights. We should also look beyond this crisis and address country preparedness for effective and equitable responses to future infectious disease outbreaks. This paper assesses countries’ international legal obligations to be prepared to respond to this (...)

Ochrana mezinárodních práv v ozbrojených konfliktech ; Protection of international rights in armed conflicts

2026-10-15T00:13:24+00:00

Tato práce analyzuje dodržování mezinárodního humanitárního práva v praxi se zaměřením na ochranu lidských práv. Jejím základním cílem je zkoumat obrovský rozpor mezi literou Ženevských úmluv a tím, co se ve skutečnosti odehrává na moderním bojišti. Kromě teoretického rozboru vojenských doktrín práce staví na unikátním empirickém šetření. Jde o kvalitativní sondu do zkušeností přímých účastníků bojů - od veteránů z Afghánistánu až po vojáky nasazené na současné Ukrajině či na Kavkaze. Na základě (...)

Interpretation anomalies in the Vienna Sale Convention damages practice ; Értelmezési anomáliák a Bécsi Vételi Egyezmény kártérítési gyakorlatában

2026-10-14T04:48:02+00:00

The essay is about the interpretion anomalies in connection with damages law practice of The United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG). This seems to be an essential problem regarding to that the Convention’s breach of contract-system is highly relevant, whereas it must provide a mechanism, which serves international trade between countries with huge legal, economic and social disparaties. At the heart of the system we find damages, which provides an efficient (...)

Participation of international non-governmental organizations in the application of international legal norms

2026-10-15T02:18:59+00:00

In the article, the issues related to the participation of international non-governmental organizations in the application of international legal norms have been extensively analyzed based on the existing diversity of opinions and international legal norms in the legal literature. It was noted that modern international relations and international law are characterized by the increasing number of international non-governmental organizations, the expansion of their role and importance in the modern (...)

Mecanismele legale de protecție a drepturilor omului la un mediu sănătos

2026-10-15T02:18:57+00:00

The protection of the human right to a healthy environment cannot be achieved in the absence of legal and effective mechanisms in place, that would regulate it. Mechanisms responsible for the protection of the right to a healthy environment/environmental matters do not only guarantee the assurance and possibility of exercising such rights, but also constitute an important procedural right on its own. Environmental issues will largely trigger the proper functioning of the mechanisms set to protect (...)

Restorative justice between the need to bring to justice those guilty of committing international crimes and conventional crimes and the implementation of the national reconciliation (...)

2026-10-15T02:18:57+00:00

When a deed is committed, the civil society of which the perpetrator is a part, considers it reprehensible, considering the relation of the deed to that society#39;s own value system. Since by the effect of committing such an act in society, another person has been injured in his physical being or in his property, who will have to bear the consequences of this injury? This is the essential issue of liability. The reprehensible social judgment of value will manifest itself in the form of a statement (...)

Aspecte privind reglementarea drepturilor omului în dreptul naţional şi dreptul internaţional

2026-10-15T02:18:56+00:00

The international protection of fundamental human rights and liberties is one of the modern international law priorities, having legal effects also upon the national legal regulation in the domain. The adjustment of national legislation in the sphere of fundamental human rights and liberties to the international standards, in this case, becomes one of the statesrsquo; priorities, an obligation recognized as an erga omnes rule.

Regimul conflictual al actelor şi faptelor juridice privind navigaţia civilă maritimă şi aeriană

2026-10-15T02:18:56+00:00

The issues adressed in the article concern the private international law regime applicable to legal acts and deeds related to maritime and air civil navigations. Thus, on the one hand, the article analyzes the application of the law of the flag of the ship or aircraft, as the law of the country with which the legal acts and deeds related to civil navigation are most closely connected, and on the other hand, it examines the scope of the applicable law, including the legal acts and deeds occurring (...)

The Duty of Engagement: An Analysis of the 2016 European Convention on an Integrated Safety, Security and Service Approach at Football Matches and Other Events

2026-10-15T14:35:09+00:00

Safety and security concerns in the context of sporting events and, in particular, football, have existed for decades. This has led to responses from individual countries as well as on a supranational level through, for example, the Council of Europe (CoE) conventions. In this article, we critically analyse the CoE’s2016 Convention on an Integrated Safety, Security and Service Approach atFootball Matches and Other Sports Events (CETS, No.218). Hitherto, few analyses have concentrated on the scope (...)

The principles of European Insurance Contract Law (PEICL): applicant's pre-contractual information duty

2026-10-15T05:37:26+00:00

Corporate "Philanthropy Strategy" and "Strategic Philanthropy" Some Insights From Voluntary Disclosures in Annual Reports

2026-10-14T01:14:09+00:00

In order to address a deficit in the study of strategic philanthropy in the UK, the frequency and contents of voluntary charitable donations policy disclosures were captured from the annual reports of two samples of UK companies – one of the entire FTSE 100 at year end 2002 and another of 14 selected companies over a 15-year period. A content analysis coding instrument capable of resolving and distinguishing between Post & Waddock’s (1995) descriptions of ‘philanthropy strategy’ and ‘strategic philanthropy’ (...)

Contract law and contract practice: bridging the gap between legal reasoning and commercial expectation

2026-10-14T00:31:05+00:00

An oft-repeated assertion within contract law scholarship and cases is that a good contract law (or a good commercial contract law) will meet the needs and expectations of commercial contractors. Despite the prevalence of this statement, relatively little attention has been paid to why this should be the aim of contract law, how these 'commercial expectations' are identified and given substance, and what precise legal techniques might be adopted by courts to support the practices and expectations (...)

The impact of European copyright legislation on digital preservation activity: lessons learned from legal studies commissioned by the KEEP project

2026-10-16T03:20:21+00:00

Trading the past: material culture of Long Kesh/Maze, Northern Ireland

2026-10-16T03:20:21+00:00

Long Kesh/Maze, once Northern Ireland's largest prison, is one of its most important sites of conflict. Since closure in 2000, its demolition and development has been contested. Its material culture, the remaining architecture as well as the artefacts that belonged to either prisoners or prison officers, are implicated in the processes of remembering or forgetting violence and defining perpetrators and victims of conflict. The traces of the prison feature in the hesitant process of conflict-resolution (...)

Translating human rights principles into classroom practices:inequities in educating about human rights

2026-10-16T03:20:21+00:00

The overarching aim of this paper is to explore how key principles inherent in human rights declarations and conventions ar etranslated into practices associated with human rights educationwithin school contexts. It is argued that this translation from discourse to practice opens up the potential for children and youn gpeople to encounter inequitable experiences of human rights education, and that this is an ethical issue that needs addressing. Within the paper, human rights education relates to (...)

The UNCRC and family support: a case study of the early intervention support service

2026-10-15T14:46:35+00:00

In social work with children and families, the use of the articles of the UNCRC to inform our understanding of parents and parenting is often overshadowed by the necessary focus on the UNCRC articles as they pertain to the rights of children. Yet, the UNCRC is crucial to our understanding of parenthood because it both defines the role and responsibilities of parents and our obligations towards them as part of the broader endeavour to respect and ensure the realisation of the rights of children. One (...)

A New Frontier for Project-Based Climate Litigation

2026-10-15T14:20:03+00:00

Право на защиту в Республике Казахстан

2026-10-15T02:19:03+00:00

Any person has the right to ask the assistance of a lawyer based on his own choice in order to represent his rights and to protect him during all stages of the criminal procedure. Essentially, it is the duty of the Governments to ensure guarantees for everyone to be informed by the competent authorities about his right to be assisted by a lawyer of his choice when he is arrested, detained or placed in prison or jail. For obstructing the legal activities of lawyers and other persons empowered to protect (...)

Unionists as 'court sceptics': exploring elite-level unionist discourses about a Northern Ireland Bill of Rights

2026-10-14T00:31:05+00:00

One of the most significant characteristics of the peace process in Northern Ireland has been the profound importance attached by a range of academic, political and non-governmental actors to the concept of human rights. However, unionists, more so than other elite-level political actors in Northern Ireland, have expressed scepticism about proposals from the Northern Ireland Human Rights Commission (NIHRC) for a Northern Ireland Bill of Rights. This article explores how unionists relied on a ‘court (...)

Census of Musical Collections of Catalonia

2026-10-12T23:46:45+00:00

The "Census of Musical Collections of Catalonia" lists all musical document collections that have been identified by the Fontes Musicae Cataloniae project, funded by the Institut d’Estudis Catalans, and are preserved in archives, museums, and other institutions in Catalonia.

Note: This is a Legacy Copy of this Publication. Legislation Handbook for Early Childhood Settings (3rd Edition)

2026-10-12T23:37:08+00:00

Book ; This handbook provides a comprehensive and up-to-date guide to the legislation and regulations governing early childhood education and care services in Ireland. Covering areas such as child protection, employment law, health and safety, building standards, finance, equality, governance and data protection, it is designed to help providers understand and meet their legal obligations while delivering high-quality services. The publication highlights major legislative developments, including (...)

Intégration et pluralité de normes et de valeurs : réflexions à partir de l’arrêt SM

2026-10-09T00:49:02+00:00

peer reviewed ; This article discusses the SM decision of the European Court of Justice, concerning the right of entry and residence in the host member state of children raised by European citizens under the Algerian kafala. This case is not only about the right to respect for family life and the best interests of the child. It raises other important issues as well, such as the issue of communication and translation between different legal cultures in the field of family law, as well as the issue (...)

De-gigging the labour market? : an analysis of the ‘algorithmic management’ provisions in the proposed platform work directive

2026-10-09T00:49:02+00:00

peer reviewed ; Workers are increasingly being managed by technologies. Before spreading to larger segments of the labour market, algorithmic management systems were a signature feature of platform work. The exercise of power through digital labour platforms is one cause of the precarious working conditions in this area, an issue that could soon concern a wider group of workers in traditional economic sectors. This article elucidates the provisions regulating algorithmic management in the proposed (...)

The Distributed Liability of Distributed Ledgers: The Legal Risks of Blockchain

2026-10-09T00:49:01+00:00

https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3018214

15 Years of Whistleblowing Protection under the Public Interest Disclosure Act 1998: Are We Still Shooting the Messenger?

2026-10-16T03:20:22+00:00

In the wake of high-profile scandals such as the catastrophic failings of the MidStaffordshire National Health Service Trust, this article contributes to the debate on the role of the Public Interest Disclosure Act 1998 (PIDA), now 15years in force, in promoting increased transparency in the workplace. The article briefly discusses legal protection for whistleblowers prior to the PIDA before proceeding to evaluate the development of the provisions through judicial decisions. The article considers (...)

A Study into Situated Learning through Community Legal Companionship

2026-10-16T03:20:22+00:00

Against the background of the current graduate skills agenda and its considered importance in relation to a UK law degree, this article considers the value of the CLOCK Community Legal Companion scheme, a collaborative social justice project involving law students, legal services providers, third sector advice agencies and law courts based in two areas of the country namely; Canterbury and Brighton. In recent years, the UK Government has significantly cut civil legal aid in areas such as housing, (...)

Criminal cases review commission:legal aid and legal representatives. Stage 4 data analysis – final report

2026-10-16T03:20:22+00:00

The limits of legislative change:Moving beyond inclusion/exclusion to create 'a life worth living'

2026-10-16T03:20:22+00:00

While the spatializations of social exclusion have long been critically assessed, legislative responses to these exclusions have also been found to be limited. Addressing the exclusions of Lesbian, Gay, Bi, Trans* and Queer people, social inclusions in the form of equalities legislations have been used as a marker of ‘progress’ and development, creating neo-colonial geographic comparisons between the legal and policy regimes of different contexts. Taking a decolonial optic, this paper shows that (...)

The social and the subjective:defining disablement at the birth of the Disabled People’s Movement in Britain

2026-10-16T03:20:22+00:00

Recent activist memoirs and archival work has begun to challenge our understanding of the historical Disabled People’s Movement in Britain; recentring the voices of self organised groups of activists in its strategic and analytic development. This article takes advantage of the results of this work to explore the emergence of a social definition of disability during the formation of the Union of the Physically Impaired Against Segregation (UPIAS); the first national organisation of disabled people (...)

A Cosmopolitan Ethos for our Future Lawyers

2026-10-16T03:20:21+00:00

This article advocates the strengthening of the spirit of cosmopolitanism in modern legal education. In contrast to the epistemic environment of predominantly domestic and nation-oriented discourses across law schools and faculties around the world, the analysis proceeds with a number of propositions as to what ought to be done to improve legal education, especially at first-degree level. Relevant propositions are set out under a proposed cosmopolitan ethos for law. Recognition is given to current (...)

A critical evaluation of the potential benefits of legally enacting a Nature’s Rights Bill in the UK:How granting legal personhood to nature could provide a useful framework for environmental (...)

2026-10-16T03:20:21+00:00

The paper outlines the key theoretical debates around anthropocentrism, environmental justice and legal ontology as a grounding to the discussion around the Rights of Nature. It examines comparative international case studies of RoN and consider key UK environmental legislation. Through this analysis, it assesses the feasibility and implications of enacting a UK Nature’s Rights Bill for environmental governance and biodiversity protection.

Acting on equalities: are local authorities in England meeting the duties of the Equality Act 2010 and addressing sexual orientation & gender identity?

2026-10-16T03:20:21+00:00

This report describes how local authorities are implementing the Equality Act 2010, specifically the setting of Equality Objectives and publishing details of compliance in relation to lesbian, gay, bisexual and trans (LGBT) people. Examining information from local authorities about their equalities work offers insight into whether, and how, national statutes are being enacted at a local level. This report aims to inform ongoing debates regarding the practice of equalities.In this report we: * describe (...)

All-or-Nothing:Mental Capacity, Autonomy and Consent

2026-10-16T03:20:21+00:00

This paper is concerned with the role of ‘Capacity’ as a conceptual basis for the law’s understanding and treatment of individuals with mental health concerns and mental disabilities. Focusing on the binary nature of the Capacity paradigm under the Mental Capacity Act 2005, it seeks to argue in favour of a more nuanced understanding of and response to circumstances of incapacity and partial capacity. Drawing on Martha Fineman’s and Alan Gewirth’s conceptions of Vulnerability, the Social Model of (...)

Exploring corporate social responsibility (CSR) from a law jobs perspective

2026-10-16T03:20:21+00:00

A substantial amount of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) definitions appear to exclude law by the use of phrases such as: 'beyond the legal requirements', 'voluntary' or that which is required by law'. This indicates that the role of law within CSR is at the very least contested. Yet it is accepted that CSR in general deals with various issues arising from the relationship between business corporations and society and law is a fundamental aspect of such relationship. Law can be perceived in (...)

Financial provision following divorce: Revisiting the amtrimonial causes act 1973 in light of Wyatt v Vince

2026-10-16T03:20:21+00:00

Students new to family law are likely to find that a significant portion of the syllabus focuses on the Matrimonial Causes Act 1973 (MCA). Part I is primarily concerned with divorce and nullity and Part II with financial provision on breakdown of a marriage1 and it is the latter which this article will consider. By way of overview for students new to the subject the law does not normally intervene in respect of how money and property are distributed amongst family members. Ownership of family property (...)

Is the net of corporate criminal liability under the Corporate Homicide and Corporate Manslaughter Act 2007 expanding?

2026-10-16T03:20:21+00:00

When the offence of statutory corporate manslaughter was introduced, it was widely anticipated that the net of corporate criminal liability would be spread more widely. This paper considers the developments in the field in the eight years since the CMCHA 2007 was enacted in order to assess to what extent these expectations have been met.

Law’s Autonomy and Moral Reason

2026-10-16T03:20:21+00:00

This paper intends to set out an argument to Legal Idealism and a thesis which holds that law and morality are necessarily connected. My focus is on deconstructing the Positivist argument to the Autonomy Thesis and beginning to reconstruct it through the application of morality to law’s autonomous authority. My aim, ultimately, is to demonstrate how, through the concept of law, practical reason might explain the related (and overlapping) notions of legitimacy, authority and the obligation to obey (...)

Radicalisation of children: wardship - an old measure to tackle a very new problem

2026-10-16T03:20:21+00:00

Arguably for many 2015 was the year when the tragic events in Syria became a very real home crisis too, particularly with the Charlie Hebdo massacre; the beach killings in Tunisia; the bombing of the Russian airliner from Sharm el Sheikh; the Paris atrocities and the ongoing refugee crisis.1 Alongside this the CCTV footage of three London schoolgirls at Gatwick airport thought to be en route to Syria to join the so-called Islamic State terrorist group was a shocking depiction of an increasing threat (...)

Risk and benefits in lifestyle sports:parkour, law and social value

2026-10-16T03:20:21+00:00

This paper examines the interrelationship between law and lifestyle sports, viewed through the lens of parkour. We argue that the literature relating to legal approaches to lifestyle sport is currently underdeveloped. Law is viewed as a largely negative presence, seen particularly in terms of the ways in which counter-cultural activities are policed and regulated, where such activities are perceived to be transgressive and undesirable. We argue that this is a somewhat unsophisticated take on how (...)

Schooled in democracy? Promoting democratic values as a whole-school approach to violence prevention

2026-10-16T03:20:21+00:00

This article discusses a Europe-wide project that aimed to promote Safer Schools through utilising a Charter of ‘democratic principles’. This included the non-violent resolution of conflicts and the right to equal treatment and respect. The first part of this article discusses the empirical findings from original research conducted with five London schools (and their local partners) who participated in this project. It was found that most participants were positive about the project’s potential, (...)

Reconceptualizarea principiilor generale de drept în dreptul internațional: perspectiva Comisiei de drept internațional a ONU

2026-10-15T02:19:02+00:00

The Statute of the International Court of Justice enshrines, among the formal sources of law applicable by the Court in the settlement of disputes submitted to its jurisdiction, ldquo;the general principles of law recognized by civilized nations.rdquo; The nature of general principles of law, as referred to in Article 381c of the Statute of the International Court of Justice, has long remained unclear and debated in legal doctrine, with scholars arguing whether they should be regarded as autonomous (...)

Social media and the transformation of International Humanitarian Law in the digital era

2026-10-15T02:19:02+00:00

The twenty-first century has witnessed an unprecedented convergence of technology, communication, and conflict. Social media have transformed the way wars are documented, perceived, and even fought. Once designed for social interaction, these platforms have become instruments of power, influence, and psychological warfare. This paper explores the profound impact of social media and digital technologies on the interpretation and application of International Humanitarian Law IHL. Traditionally focused (...)

The Protection of Human Rights in Armed Conflicts: Challenges, Violations, and Legal Mechanisms with a Focus on Women and Civilians

2026-10-15T02:19:02+00:00

This article examines the protection of human rights in armed conflicts through the evolving interaction between international humanitarian law IHL and international human rights law IHRL. It focuses on the systemic vulnerabilities of civilians and women, analyzing both normative frameworks and practical enforcement gaps. Drawing on the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights and international criminal law, the article advances the concept of selective activation as a structural limitation (...)

An end-to-end framework for business compliance in process-driven SOAs

2026-10-15T14:58:54+00:00

It is significant for companies to ensure their businesses conforming to relevant policies, laws, and regulations as the consequences of infringement can be serious. Unfortunately, the divergence and frequent changes of different compliance sources make it hard to systematically and quickly accommodate new compliance requirements due to the lack of an adequate methodology for system and compliance engineering. In addition, the difference of perception and expertise of multiple stakeholders involving (...)

Intellectuele eigendomsrechten, auteursrecht, merkenrecht, modellenrecht, octrooirecht en handelsrecht

2026-10-15T05:37:40+00:00

A Bank's duty of care:Perspectives from European and comparative law - Part I

2026-10-15T05:37:37+00:00

In this article we place a bank's duty of care in a European and comparative law perspective. We have chosen five topics which are hotly debated in theory and practice. The first topic is the scope and intensity of the essential duties which typically flow from a bank's duty of care: duties to investigate, duties to disclose or warn, and - in exceptional cases - outright duties to refuse to render financial services or products. In some jurisdictions, financial disputes between investors and banks (...)

The Duty of Care in Contract and Tort. Selected Essays on Contract, Construction Law, Environmental Liability, Jurisprudence

2026-10-15T05:37:30+00:00