Over the years the term “presumption” has been used by virtually all courts to “designate what are more accurately termed inferences or substantive rules of law.” It

has also been used as a “loose synonym for presumption of fact, presumption of law, rebuttable presumption, and irrebuttable presumption.” To this list the Kentucky [...]

Universal jurisdiction is a type of extraterritorial jurisdiction in international law. It permits any State to prosecute persons accused of committing certain abuses regardless

of where the offence occurred and irrespective of the nationality of the accused person(s) or victim(s). [...]

Problem setting: According to the domestic legislation the state fully assumed the responsibility of investigating crimes and finding the perpetrators of these crimes, eliminating

the possibility of personal revenge of a victim before a criminal (vigilante). However, these tasks can only be performed if you implement at least two complementary [...]

peer reviewed ; Workers are increasingly being managed by technologies. Before spreading to larger segments of the labour market, algorithmic management systems were a signature

feature of platform work. The exercise of power through digital labour platforms is one cause of the precarious working conditions in this area, an issue that could [...]

4,4% der Befragten des Quality of Work Survey hat zwischen den Erhebungen 2017 und 2018 den Arbeitgeber gewechselt. Vor allem die jüngsten Arbeitnehmer (16 bis 24 Jahre) sowie

Arbeitnehmer mit einer befristeten Arbeitsstelle wechselten eher ihren Arbeitgeber. [...]

peer reviewed ; In 2021, the Ntaganda case introduced a new approach to evaluating the monetary liability for reparations in the International Criminal Court (ICC) by explicitly

recognizing joint and several liability and centring the determination of the quantum of reparations on the harm suffered by the victims and the costs to repair it. [...]

In October 2020, ETUC adopted a resolution “on the protection of the rights of nonstandard workers and workers in platform companies including the self-employed)”. ETUC

calls for a European initiative which provides for a presumption of employment relationship where the burden of proof should be borne by the platform companies, who [...]

The German Library Association emphasizes the need for binding international agreements to secure library practices, such as cross-border lending and access to orphaned works.

Key issues include ensuring legal certainty for lending foreign materials, addressing international copyright exhaustion, and protecting libraries' rights to bypass [...]

The German Library Association (dbv) evaluates the educational and scientific copyright law (UrhWissG) and highlights its positive impact on digital teaching and research.

While the current framework is largely effective, the dbv calls for expanding usage rights, improving practical clarity, and addressing issues with newspaper access [...]